Maranta Arrowroot

Scientific name:  Maranta arundinacea

Other names: Uraro, obedience plant, bermuda arrowroot, araru, araruta, ararao and hulankeeriya

Description:

Maranta Arrowroot is a fascinating plant with multiple facets. It thrives in the humid rainforests of the Americas, but its cultivation extends worldwide for its valuable starch, ornamental appeal, and even medicinal properties. Let's delve into the details of this remarkable plant:

Stature: A perennial herb reaching a height of 0.3 to 1.5 meters (1 to 5 feet).

Leaves: Elongated and ovate, with prominent veins and a waxy sheen. They fold upwards at night, resembling praying hands, hence the nickname "prayer plant."

Rhizomes: Fleshy underground tubers, the source of arrowroot starch and responsible for the plant's resilience.

Flowers: Inconspicuous clusters of small white blooms appearing sporadically.

Medicinal properties and uses:

Starch: The primary value lies in its easily digestible starch extracted from the rhizomes. This flavorless and hypoallergenic starch finds application in thickening sauces, soups, and baby food. It's also used in gluten-free baking and medicines for its soothing properties.

Ornamental: With its vibrant foliage and compact growth, maranta arrowroot is a popular houseplant. Numerous cultivars boast stunning variegation and patterns, adding a touch of the tropics to any indoor space.

                                                                credit: Istock photo

Medicinal: Traditionally, various parts of the plant have been used to treat ailments like diarrhea, stomach ulcers, and skin infections. Research is ongoing to validate these claims scientifically.

Arrowroot, also known as "Uraro" in some cultures, is a starch obtained from the rhizomes of several tropical plants, traditionally Maranta arundinacea. It's known for its culinary uses as well as its medicinal properties. 

Digestive Health: Arrowroot is easily digestible and is often used in food for people recovering from illness. It's a popular choice for infants and people with digestive issues. It can help alleviate diarrhea and constipation and is used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.

Gluten-Free: Being naturally gluten-free, it's a suitable starch for people with celiac disease or gluten intolerance.

Soothing Agent: Arrowroot is known for its cooling and soothing properties. It's often applied to irritated areas of the skin, such as where rashes or sores have formed.

Nutritional Value: It's a good source of carbohydrates and provides moderate amounts of minerals like potassium, iron, and B vitamins.

Metabolic Processes: The B vitamins in arrowroot aid in metabolic processes, including B-vitamin-dependent enzyme reactions.

Weight Management: As a low-calorie starch, arrowroot can be a part of a weight management diet.

Vegan and Paleo Diet Friendly: It's a popular thickener and binding agent in vegan and paleo diets.

Immune System Support: Arrowroot contains several minerals that are essential for maintaining good health and boosting the immune system.

Circulatory Health: The potassium content in arrowroot can help in maintaining healthy blood pressure levels by relaxing blood vessels and arteries.

Interesting facts:

The genus name "Maranta" honors Bartolomeo Maranta, an Italian physician and botanist who studied the plant in the 16th century.

The common name "arrowroot" supposedly originated from the Carib word "araru," meaning "meal" or "flour."

Maranta arrowroot exhibits a unique phenomenon called nyctinasty, where the leaves fold upwards at night and unfold at dawn. This movement is thought to conserve moisture and protect the leaves from herbivores.

Caring for maranta arrowroot:

These plants thrive in bright, indirect sunlight and well-draining soil.

Maintain moderate soil moisture but avoid overwatering, as they are susceptible to root rot.

Misting the leaves regularly helps maintain humidity, especially in dry climates.

Fertilize lightly during the growing season and reduce or stop during winter.

Overall, the maranta arrowroot is a versatile plant with much to offer. Whether you're looking for a culinary source of valuable starch, a captivating houseplant for your home, or a glimpse into the wonders of the rainforest, this tropical gem has something for everyone.

Precaution:

Remember that while arrowroot has these beneficial properties, it should not replace professional medical advice or treatment. Its effectiveness can vary depending on the individual and the specific health issue. For serious health concerns, consulting a healthcare professional is always recommended.

Yerba Buena

Scientific name: Mentha cordifolia Opiz

Yerba Buena, commonly associated with the species Clinopodium douglasii in traditional herbal medicine contexts in Latin America and the Philippines, is a versatile and aromatic herb. It is part of the mint family, Lamiaceae, which is known for its aromatic members with a wide range of medicinal and culinary uses. The term "Yerba Buena" translates from Spanish to "good herb," reflecting its esteemed position in herbal medicine.

Description:

Growth Habit: Yerba Buena typically exhibits a creeping growth habit, spreading across the ground and forming dense mats. This characteristic makes it an excellent ground cover in gardens.

Leaves: The leaves of Yerba Buena are its most distinctive feature, usually green, soft, and with a slightly serrated edge. They are aromatic, releasing a pleasant fragrance when crushed, which is characteristic of many mint family members.

Flowers: The plant produces small, inconspicuous flowers that can vary in color from white to light purple, depending on the specific variety and growing conditions.

Height: While the plant primarily spreads across the ground, it can reach up to 15-30 cm (6-12 inches) in height when flowering stalks are produced.

Medicinal Uses:

Yerba Buena is renowned for its medicinal properties, with the leaves being the primary part used for therapeutic purposes. Traditional uses include:

Pain Relief: It is often used to alleviate headaches, toothaches, and stomach aches due to its analgesic properties. It can also relieve symptoms of menstrual cramps, dysmenorrhea and induce the flow of menstruation.

Digestive Aid: The herb can help soothe stomach discomfort, aid in digestion, and relieve gas and bloating.

Respiratory Conditions: Yerba Buena has been used to treat colds, flu, and other respiratory ailments, thanks to its decongestant and expectorant qualities.

Anti-inflammatory: The plant has anti-inflammatory properties, making it useful for reducing swelling and inflammation in various conditions.

Yerba buena leaves are often used in teas and culinary recipes. Here is a simple recipe for Yerba Buena Tea, which is commonly used for its medicinal properties:

Yerba Buena Tea Recipe:

Take a handful of fresh yerba buena leaves and rinse them thoroughly.

Boil water in a pot and add the leaves.

Let it simmer for about 5-10 minutes.

Strain the leaves out, and your tea is ready to be served. You can add honey or lemon for additional flavor.

Precautions and Warnings:

While yerba buena is generally considered safe for most people, there are some precautions and warnings to keep in mind:

Allergies: Individuals with allergies to mint and related plants should avoid yerba buena.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Due to a lack of sufficient research, it is advised that pregnant and breastfeeding women use yerba buena cautiously.

Medication Interactions: Yerba buena can interact with certain medications, so it's important to consult with a healthcare provider if you are on medication.

As with any herbal remedy, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating yerba buena into your health regimen, especially if you have existing health conditions or are on medication.

Evening primrose

 Scientific name: Oenothera biennis (Oenothera L.) 

Description: Evening Primrose is a plant belonging to the family Onagraceae, in which the most numerous species is Oenothera biennis. It is native to North and South America, but it has spread to Europe and other parts of the world. It's well-known for its beautiful yellow flowers that open in the evening and close during the day, hence the name "evening primrose." It is a biennial plant, which means it completes its life cycle over two years. In the first year, it grows a rosette of leaves close to the ground, and in the second year, it develops a tall stem that can reach up to 1.5 meters (about 5 feet) in height, with lance-shaped leaves and large yellow flowers. The seeds of the evening primrose plant contain oil that is rich in essential fatty acids, particularly gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), which is a type of Omega-6 fatty acid.

Parts used: Flowers and leaves

Health Benefits and Medicinal Properties:

The plant has been used traditionally for centuries in various cultures for its medicinal properties, and it's also appreciated for its aesthetic value in gardens. The oil extracted from evening primrose seeds is where most of the plant's health benefits are concentrated, thanks to its high GLA content. GLA is thought to have anti-inflammatory and other beneficial effects, which leads to several potential health benefits:

Skin Health: Evening primrose oil is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid that is believed to help support skin health. It may help alleviate conditions like eczema, psoriasis, and acne.

Women's Health Issues: EPO is often used to alleviate symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and menopause, such as breast tenderness, mood swings, and hot flashes. It is also sometimes used to manage the discomforts of endometriosis and to support fertility by improving cervical mucus quality.

Anti-inflammatory Properties: Evening primrose oil contains compounds with anti-inflammatory properties, which may help reduce inflammation in conditions like arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Nerve Function: GLA may also play a role in supporting nerve function, which could potentially benefit conditions like diabetic neuropathy.

Here's a simple recipe for an evening primrose oil infusion:

Ingredients:

Dried evening primrose leaves or flowers

Carrier oil (such as olive oil or coconut oil)

Instructions:

Place the dried evening primrose leaves or flowers in a clean, dry glass jar.

Pour the carrier oil over the plant material until it is completely covered.

Seal the jar tightly and place it in a cool, dark place.

Allow the mixture to infuse for 4-6 weeks, shaking the jar gently every few days.

After the infusion period, strain the oil through a fine mesh strainer or cheesecloth to remove the plant material.

Store the infused oil in a clean glass container with a tight-fitting lid. It can be used topically as needed.

Precaution, Indications and Considerations:

Evening primrose oil is widely available in capsules or as a liquid oil and is generally considered safe for most people when used in recommended dosages. However, because it can affect hormone levels and blood clotting, it's important for certain individuals, such as those on blood thinners, pregnant or breastfeeding women, or those with epilepsy, to consult a healthcare provider before using it.

Despite its many purported benefits, scientific evidence varies in quality, and further research is needed to fully understand its effectiveness for various conditions. Like any supplement, it's important to consider evening primrose oil as part of a holistic approach to health and not as a standalone cure-all.

In summary, evening primrose and its oil are valued for their potential health benefits, particularly for skin conditions, women's health issues, and inflammatory conditions. However, individuals should use it with caution and consult healthcare professionals before starting any new supplement regimen.

Chinese Chaste Tree (Lagundi)

Scientific name: Vitex negundo

image from Amazon

Common or local names:

Vitex negundo is known by various local names in different regions:

Commonly known as the Chinese chaste tree, five-leaved chaste tree, horseshoe vitex, nisinda or vitex

In India, it is commonly known as "Nirgundi" or "Sambhalu" in Hindi and other regional languages.

In the Philippines, it is called "Lagundi."

Other names include "Huang Jing" in Chinese and "Nochi" in Tamil.

Description:

Vitex negundo typically grows up to 2-8 meters in height. It has an erect and branched growth habit. The leaves are digitate, with five leaflets, sometimes three. The leaflets are lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, with the central leaflet being the largest. The plant bears small, fragrant lavender or blue flowers on panicles during the summer and autumn. The fruits are small, round to oblong drupes turning black when ripe.

Habitat: Native to Asia, widely distributed across Asia, Africa, and North America, often found in wastelands, roadsides, and open woodlands.

Parts Used:

The most commonly used parts of Vitex negundo for medicinal purposes include:

Leaves: Treatment of headache, fever, coughs, diarrhea, rheumatism, skin diseases, anxiety, and menstrual disorders.

Fruits: Alleviation of pain, fever, and rheumatism.

Seeds: Treatment of worm infections and skin diseases.

Bark: Used for stomach problems and as a tonic.

Each part may be used for different therapeutic effects, with leaves being the most widely utilized for medicinal concoctions.

Medicinal Uses and Properties:

Vitex negundo is renowned for its wide array of medicinal uses, including:

Anti-inflammatory: It is used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain, especially in conditions like arthritis and rheumatism.

Analgesic: The plant has pain-relieving properties, making it useful for headaches, body aches, and toothaches.

Bronchodilator and Expectorant: Lagundi is particularly renowned for its ability to relieve respiratory ailments. It acts as a bronchodilator, helping to expand the airways and ease breathing in conditions like asthma and bronchitis. Additionally, it serves as an expectorant, facilitating the removal of mucus from the respiratory tract.

Antipyretic: The plant is also known for its fever-reducing capabilities.

Antihistamine: Vitex negundo can help in managing allergic reactions by acting as an antihistamine.

Anxiolytic and sedative: Some studies suggest it may have anxiety-reducing and sedative effects.

How to Make a Concoction or Tea for Medicinal Purpose:

A simple way to prepare a medicinal concoction or tea using Vitex negundo (specifically the leaves) is as follows:

Gather fresh leaves: If possible, pick fresh leaves of Vitex negundo for the most potent effect. You can also use dried leaves if fresh ones are not available.

Rinse the leaves: Clean the leaves thoroughly under running water to remove any dirt or impurities.

Boil water: Bring a pot of water to a boil. The amount of water depends on how much tea you want to make, but a general guideline is about 2 cups of water for every handful of leaves.

Add the leaves to boiling water: Once the water is boiling, add the Vitex negundo leaves. Reduce the heat and let it simmer for 10-15 minutes. The time can be adjusted depending on how strong you want the tea to be.

Strain and serve: After simmering, remove the pot from the heat and strain the tea into a cup or teapot, discarding the leaves. The tea can be consumed warm or cold, depending on preference. Honey or lemon can be added for flavor, but it's best to consume it plain for medicinal purposes.

Precautions and Warnings:

While Lagundi is generally considered safe for most individuals when used as directed, there are a few precautions and warnings to keep in mind:

Pregnant and Nursing Women: Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult a healthcare professional before using Lagundi, as its effects on pregnancy and lactation are not well-studied.

Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to Lagundi. It is advisable to perform a patch test before using any Lagundi-based products, especially if you have a history of plant allergies.

Drug Interactions: Lagundi may interact with certain medications. If you are taking prescription drugs, consult your healthcare provider before using Lagundi to avoid potential interactions.

In conclusion, Lagundi, or Vitex negundo, is a remarkable medicinal plant with a rich history of traditional use in various cultures. Its leaves and roots contain an array of valuable compounds that contribute to its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and bronchodilatory properties, among others. However, like any herbal remedy, it is essential to exercise caution and seek professional guidance when using Lagundi, especially if you have specific health concerns or are taking medications. When used responsibly, Lagundi can offer a natural and effective way to manage various health issues, providing relief and improving overall well-being.

Neem

Scientific name: Azadirachta indica

Other Names: Arishta, Arishtha,  Bead Tree, Holy Tree, Huile de Neem, Indian Lilac, Indian Neem

Description:

Neem belongs to the Mahogany family or Meliaceae. It is a fast growing evergreen tree that can grow up to 15 meters in height and is found in abundance in tropical and semi-tropical regions like India, Burma, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan.

This tree is drought resistant and is highly resistant to pests and diseases. The branches are long and form a broad crown while the flowers are small yellowish-white in color and has the shape of a star with a pleasant smell.

The bark is gray and rough and the leaves are pinnate with saw-toothed edges.

The fruit is hard, round, yellow and contains one single seed.

The leaves and bark have a bitter taste and are mostly used in tea and is often combined with other herbs such as spearmint and cinnamon.

The oil extracted from the seeds is known as margosa oil.

Neem helps to kill bacteria and fungi, it is often used as an ingredient in toothpaste, soaps and skin care products and it can also be used as an insecticide.

The flowers produce a nectar that can be used as a sweetener.

Parts used: Every part of this tree has medicinal value. Commonly used are bark, leaves, and seeds although the root, flower, and fruit are also used but less frequently.

Medicinal uses and properties:

For centuries, the neem tree has played a big part in Ayurvedic medicine, Unani, Homoeopathic medicine and Indian folk medicine and it is still one of the most commonly used medicinal plant in India owing to its wide range of medicinal properties.

More than 140 compounds have been isolated from different parts of neem. The healing properties of neem are mainly due to some bitter substances, known as triterpenes (limonoids) and azadirachtin. It also contains beta-sitosterol, tannins, polysaccharides, flavonoids and essential oil.

The antifungal, antioxidant content and antibacterial properties of neem make it a popular ingredient in shampoos and scalp cleansers as it hydrates the scalp, eliminate dandruff and strengthens the hair.

Neem is known to have antipyretic properties and it has been used traditionally to lower high fever.

The leaf of neem is known to demonstrate these properties: immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycaemic, antiulcer, antibacterial, antiviral, antimalarial, antifungal, antioxidant, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties. Thus the Neem leaf is used for leprosy, ntestinal worms, stomach upset, loss of appetite, skin ulcers, diseases of the heart and blood vessels. fever, diabetes, gum disease/gingivitis, and liver problems.

The twigs are chewed to maintain the alkaline levels in the saliva, fight germs, treats swollen gums and claims to give whiter teeth. It is also used for cough, asthma, hemorrhoids, and diabetes.

The bark extract has been used as a treatment for asthma, sore throat, jaundice, tuberculosis, eczema, stomach ulcers, diabetes, arthritis, and rheumatism.

The flower is used for reducing bile, controlling phlegm, and treating intestinal worms.

The fruit is used for hemorrhoids, intestinal worms, urinary tract disorders, phlegm, diabetes, and skin wounds.

The seed and and its oil are used for leprosy and intestinal worms. IT is also used for birth control and can cause abortion.

Neem can be directly applied to the skin to treat head lice, wounds, skin ulcers.

It can also smoothen the skin and can be used as a mosquito repellent.




Herbal tea recipe: One tablespoon of the dried leaves in half a liter of boiling water and steep for 5-10 minutes before straining. Recommended dosage: two to three cups daily.


Potential Side Effects of Neem:

The herb is considered unsuitable for young children, infants, the elderly or people suffering from debilitating diseases or conditions. Ayurvedic doctors do not advise the use of neem if the person suffers from fatigue .

Don't use Neem in large doses as it can cause breathing problems, seizures, and lethargy (drowsiness).

It is advised to consult your physician before taking any medicinal plants or medication. The blog is for information purposes only.

Oregano

Scientific name: Origanum vulgare

Description: Oregano is an aromatic herb in the mint family sometimes referred to as "wild marjoram" in Europe and is closely related to the herb sweet marjoram. It can be use as fresh, dried or as an oil and is considered a staple herb in many cuisines around the world. The leaves of oregano are oval and are covered with glandular trichomes (plant hairs). The aroma and flavor of the leaves are far greater when the herb is dried than when the leaves are fresh.

Health Benefits:
Oregano contains chemical compounds such as carvacrol, thymol, limonene, pinene, ocimene, and caryophyllene which has antispasmodic, carminative, cholagogues, diaphoretic, expectorant, stimulant, and mildly tonic properties. Its decoction is used for the treatment of colds, influenza, mild fevers, indigestion, stomach upsets, dysmenorrhea and are known to have disease preventing and health promoting properties.  It is high in carvacrol and thymol considered antioxidants that can help prevent damage to cells caused by free radicals and have remarkable bacteria-fighting power. Oregano is a natural form of omega-3 fatty acids which help in preventing atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and strokes. It is also have high content of manganese, calcium, iron, vitamin K and fiber.

Medicinal properties and benefits:

1. Anti-inflammatory Properties

Oregano contains beta-caryophyllin (E-BCP), a substance that inhibits inflammation and may also be beneficial for conditions including osteoporosis and arteriosclerosis.

2. Antifungal, Antibacterial and antiviral.

Oregano oil can effectively protect the body against many of these fungal, bacterial and viral infections. Carvacol and thymol are powerful antimicrobials. Oregano contains carvacrol, thymol, cymene, caryophyllene, pinene, bisabolene, linalool, borneol, geranyl acetate, linalyl acetate, and terpinene.

3. Rich in Antioxidants

One active agent in oregano is rosmarinic acid, which is a strong antioxidant that supports immune system health.

4. Colds/Cough

The  carvacrol content induces sweat production as a mode of detox as well as get rid of unwanted phlegm in your lungs.

5. Osteoporosis/Good for the bones

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin, so your body stores it in fat tissue and the liver. It is important for bone growth, maintaining bone density, and the production of blood clotting proteins while calcium is necessary for the formation of bones and teeth.

Zucchini (aka Courgette)

Scientific name: Cucurbita pepo

Description: Zucchini is mainly used as a vegetable and is closely related to squashes & pumpkin. It has a long, cylindrical body with thin, soft skin and soft edible seeds. The color is usually dark or light green while the related hybrid has the golden, deep yellow or orange color.

Health benefits:

Zucchini has high water content and low in calories, carbs and sugars. It is, however, high in essential nutrients like potassium, manganese, folate, copper, phosphorus, calcium, , zinc, niacin, and protein. It also has antioxidants like vitamin C, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) as well as other vitamins like vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B2.  Zucchini contains about 1.16% of proteins and provides up to 29% of the recommended daily intake in a 100 gram serving.

Traditionally, the seeds from zucchini were believed to be antimicrobial and offer antiparasitic properties.



Medicinal properties:

1. Good for the heart

Since zucchini contains a good amount of potassium & magnesium that help in keeping blood pressure at a normal rate. It also has folate that breaks down amino acids like homocysteine that cause heart attacks and strokes. Zucchini also includes a good amount fiber called pectin, which is linked to improved cardiovascular health and has the ability to lower cholesterol naturally.

2. Helps lose Weight

Zucchini has a low calorie count and helps to fill you up. One of the best things about zucchini is that they are very high in water - with 95 percent water content. The high fibre content also helps in burning the fat in the body.

3. Helps Maintain Eye Health
Zucchini has phytonutrients like vitamin C, manganese, beta carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin that protect the eyes and defend the eyes from age-related diseases such as macular degeneration, cataracts and glaucoma.

4. Can Help Control Diabetes

Zucchini are low in carbs and sugar but rich in pectin which have special benefits for blood sugar regulation and helps prevent insulin spikes and dips.

5.  Balance Thyroid and Adrenal Function
The high amount of polyphenols and ascorbic acid in the peel of zucchini can have beneficial effects to thyroid, adrenal and insulin regulation.

Chinese Star Anise

Scientific name: Illicium verum

Description: Star anise is frequently used as an exotic spice in Indian, Vietnamese and in Chinese cuisines because of its strong, delightful fragrance and flavor. It is one of the spices that combine to make Chinese five spice powder. It is a dark brown pods with eight segments, each containing a pea-sized seed. This star-shaped pericarp is a fruit of Illicium verum which is a medium-sized evergreen tree native to northeast Vietnam and southwest China.  Star anise are harvested just before it ripens and the oil is a highly fragrant oil used not only in cooking but also in soaps, perfumery, toothpastes, mouthwashes and skin creams. The extract of star anise called shikimic acid is used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of oseltamivir (Tamiflu).

Note: Don't confuse star anise/Chinese star anise with Japanese star anise, which is poisonous and should not be taken.

Medicinal properties and health benefits:

Chinese traditional medicine uses star anise as a stimulant and expectorant, to relieve flatulence, improve digestion, alleviate cramps, cure rheumatism.... and increase libido.


ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES
Star anise is an excellent source of antioxidants because of the presence of linalool, vitamin A and C which help fight free radicals and protect from cellular damage.

COUGHS & FLU
It is commonly employed in treating cough and flu because the oil produced from star anise contains thymol, terpineol and anethole. The shikimic acid as well as the plant antioxidant called quercetin enhances the immune system function and helps protect the body against viral diseases.

BOOST LACTATION
Chinese star anise consists of diantheole and photoantheole that has estrogenic effects to improve lactation and produce milk.

INSOMNIA
Star Anise has mild sedative properties that could aid in calming nerves and help induce sleep.

IMPROVED DIGESTION
Star anise is said to possess carminative, stimulant, stomachic and diuretic properties. It is used to deal with a variety of digestive complaints such as gas, abdominal cramps, indigestion, bloating and constipation.

PRECAUTION: Don't confuse Chinese star anise from Japanese star anise which is not edible.
The FDA recently issued a warning regarding the consumption of star anise teas which is contaminated with Japanese star anise. Japanese star anise contains a toxic compound called sikimitoxin which can cause nausea, vomiting, seizures, restless jitters and rapid eye movement. Always consult your doctor and never self-medicate.

Plum

Scientific name: Prunus

Description: Plums can be yellow, green, red or even white but the most popular varieties are colored deep purple or reddish purple. They are small deciduous trees which can grow to a height of 10-15 m and bear smooth fruits/drupes or stone fruits. The flesh is sweet, very juicy and has a big seed in the center. They exist in diverse colors and shapes with over 2000 different varieties.  Here are some of the cultivars of plum:

Damson (purple or black skin, green flesh)
Greengage (firm, green flesh and skin)
Mirabelle plum (dark yellow)
Satsuma plum (firm, red flesh and skin)
Victoria plum (yellow flesh with red or mottled skin)
Yellowgage or golden plum (yellow flesh and skin)

 Plums can be used to make jams, pickles or wine, canned or dried which are then referred to as prunes.

Medicinal Properties:

Plums are an excellent source of vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin C (help increase the absorption of iron into the body), folate, and vitamin K (phylloquinone).  They are also a good source of vitamin B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B-6, and vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol). Aside from vitamin C, the other antioxidants plums contain are zea-xanthin, lutein, cryptoxanthin which are health promoting compounds.  It also contains pantothenic acid, calcium, iron, phosphorous, potassium, copper, magnesium,  selenium and zinc. They also supply dietary fiber and are low in calories, low in fat, low in carbohydrate, low in glycemic rating.

Health benefits:

1. Protect your heart
The potassium in plums helps manage high blood pressure and reduce the risk of stroke.

2. Anti-cancer
The reddish-blue pigment in some plums called anthocyanins can help protect against cancer by getting rid of harmful free radicals. Plums are known to destroy breast cancer cells.

3. Improves bone health.
Plums contain calcium, phosphorous and other minerals that is good for the bones.

4. Improves brain memory.
Plums are full of antioxidants that have been shown to slow the development of Alzheimer’s disease and other diseases related to memory loss. It also contain anthocyanin and quercetin, beneficial for preventing brain cell breakdown.

5.Keep your bowels regular
The dried plums also known as prunes contains lots of fiber that help you move your bowels regularly.

Contraindication: Plums are rich in Oxalates, oxalic acid which are not good to those with kidney stones.

Sargassum Seaweeds

Medicines from Natural Sources

Scientific name: Sargassum muticum

Description: 

Sargassum are generally brown or dark green in color and consist of a holdfast, a stipe, and a frond. It has branches, leafy appendages and berry-like structures that are actually gas-filled (oxygen) structures, called pneumatocysts which are filled mostly with oxygen and help keep the fronds afloat.

Sargassum is a genus of brown (class Phaeophyceae) macroalgae (seaweed) in the order Fucales and family Sargassaceae. They generally inhabit shallow water and coral reefs and are distributed
throughout the temperate and tropical oceans of the world.

It is edible and has a slightly bitter, salty flavor.


Health benefits of Sargassum seaweeds:

Sargassum seaweeds are nutritious and rich source of bioactive compounds such as vitamin C, B12,
carotenes (provitamin A), carotenoids, dietary fibers, proteins, and minerals (sodium, calcium,
magnesium, potassium, chlorine, sulfur and phosphorus, iodine, iron, zinc, copper, selenium,
molybdenum, fluoride, manganese, boron, nickel and cobalt). Sargassum have some compounds that are not available in terrestrial vegetables and have many biologically active compounds like
flavonoids, pheophytine, polyphenols, terpenoids, sargaquinoic acids, sargachromenol, sterols and
sulfated polysaccharides.

The highest iodine content is found in brown algae.


Medicinal Properties and Indications:

Sargassum has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-microbial

properties as well as anti-tumor, fibrinolytic, immune-modulatory, anti-coagulant,
hepatoprotective and has anti-viral activity.

Endemic Goiter and Hyperthyroidism - Sargassum seaweeds contains iodide, which has wonderful therapeutic effect on iodine deficiency induced endemic goiter and can temporarily inhibit hyperthyroidism.

Atherosclerosis - This seaweed has high sodium alginate sulfate content which can resist
hyperlipidemia, lower serum cholesterol and reduce atherosclerosis.

Weight loss - Sargassum has virtually no calories and high in dietary fiber thus is helpful in
losing weight.



Important warning: Please note that all medicines, including herbal medicines, should be taken
only on the advice of a qualified practitioner/doctor. You should not treat yourself on the basis of
any information given here.

Bee Balm

Scientific name: Monarda didyma

Common names: Horsebalm, Bergamot, Wild Bergamot, Scarlet Monarda, Oswego Tea, Mountain
Mint, Horseming, Elk Medicine, Sweet leaf

Description:

Bee balm is a perennial plant and a member of the mint family. The flowers are long, tubular that are clustered in a solitary, rounded head of dark-red calices. The flowers range in color from pink to crimson red, red and light purple hues. The stems are about 2 to 3 feet long that are branched while the leaves are aromatic/fragrant minty that are dark green, oval to oblong lanceshape. The preferred habitat are open woods, thickets, dry rocky hills and found in Eastern Canada and Maine, westward to Minnesota, south to Gulf of Mexico.  Bee balm is edible as well as medicinal and used as an herb.
Bees delight in the nectar of the flowers, earning the name "Bee Balm".

Parts Used: leaves, flowers

Medicinal uses and properties:

Bee balm is the natural sources of the antiseptic thymol (the main active ingredient in modern commercial mouthwash formulas and used to treat mouth and throat infections.),carvacrol, rosemarnic acid. It has excellent antibacterial qualities & strong antiseptic properties used for skin infections and minor wounds.  The herb also has carminative properties and used to treat headaches and fevers, colds, colic, nausea, delayed menstruation, general stomach upset, insufficient circulation and as a relaxant diaphoretic. The bee balm can also be use for psoriasis, eczema and can be used as an insect repellant.

Bee Balm Tea Recipe:

Place ¼ cup bee balm leaves and flowers in a teapot. Add one quart of boiling water.Cover and steep for about an hour until cool. Strain and discard leaves and flowers. sweeten to taste, take at bedtime. You may also want to chill and serve over ice.

Precaution:

Not to be taken by those with thyroid problems, pregnant or lactating women. It can also cause skin irritation and cause sensitivity to the sun so it is advisable to test it first on a small area of the skin before applying. Just like in all the post here of medicinal plants, it is still best to consult your doctor before using medicinal plants.

Peppermint

Scientific name: Mentha piperita also known as M. balsamea Willd
Other names: corn mint, lamb mint, yerba buena, black peppermint, chinese peppermint

Description: Peppermint is a herbaceous rhizomatous perennial hybrid plant as a result of a cross between Spearmint (Mentha spicata) and Watermint (Mentha aquatica). It has a wide-spreading, fleshy rhizome with fibrous roots. Leaves are placed opposite each other and are greenish-purple lance-shaped and toothed along the margins. It small, violet/purple flowers that blooms from mid to late summer. Both leaves and flowers have a characteristic, aromatic fragrance. The peppermint has  a bit stronger minty flavor while the spearmint is subtle.

Parts used: leaves and flowers

Medicinal properties and uses:

Peppermint is considered to have astringent, antiseptic, emetic, stimulant qualities and muscle relaxing abilities.  Peppermint is also a good source of manganese, copper, and vitamin A & C. It has long been used as a medicinal plant and research shows that taking peppermint oil taken orally helps reduce stomach pain, bloating, gas, and helps in the bowel movements & muscle spasm in people with IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome). Crushed leaves rubbed on the skin help soothe and relax the muscles.

Peppermint tea made from leaves and flowers can be an excellent remedy for indigestion, cramps, flatulence, nausea, vomiting and colic. Peppermint can also an appetite stimulant.

Topical application of peppermint oil can reduce pain caused by arthritis, rheumatism and even chronic joint pain. It also relieves headache, itchiness, toothache and nerve pain.

Peppermint vapors and inhalers helps alleviates nasal and sinus congestion, laryngitis and bronchitis. The rosmarinic acid found in peppermint is beneficial for asthma sufferers.


Precaution: Some herbs could react with certain medication or produce adverse reaction to your body, therefore it is  advisable to contact your doctor/herbalist before consumption of any herb.

CLOVES

Scientific name: Syzygium aromaticum

Description

Cloves are strong, pungent and rather sweet brown spice that are unopened pink flower buds of an evergreen tree in the family Myrtaceae. It looks like a nail and thus the name which comes from the Latin word clavus, meaning nail.

The clove tree is native to the Maluku Islands in Indonesia and it grows up to 8–12 m tall.  The pink buds
which are picked up when they reach 1.5-2 cm in length are dried until they turn brown in color.

Cloves are used in the cuisine of Asian, African, and in the Middle East.


Parts used: flower buds

Nutritional Information and Properties of Cloves:

Cloves are widely recognized all over the world for their medicinal qualities.

Clove contains significant amounts of an active component called eugenol which gives this spice a strong
flavor and aroma. This is an anti-inflammatory substance that is known to protect the body from pollutants as
well as prevent cancers like colon cancer and it also heals joint inflammation.  It is also  known to have
antioxidant, anti-septic, mild anaesthetic, anti-bacterial, rubefacient (warming and soothing), carminative
and anti-flatulent properties.

This spice also contains flavonoids, kaempferol and rhamnetin which contribute to clove's anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant properties. IT also has other essential oils like beta-caryophyllene, crategolic acid,   
tannins, gallotannic acid, methyl salicylate (painkiller); vanillin, triterpenoids (oleanolic acid,
stigmasterol and campesterol).

This spice is commonly use in dental care essentials -toothpastes, mouth wash and oral care medications
contain clove oil as an important ingredient.

Cloves also contains a good amount of Vitamin A and beta-carotene, vitamin-K, vitamin B1 (thiamin), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin C and riboflavin. as well as minerals like potassium, manganese, iron, selenium, calcium and magnesium. 



Health Benefits and Medicinal Uses of Cloves:

1. Infections, wound, cuts, scabies, athlete’s foot, fungal infections, bruises, prickly heat, insect bites and stings.

2. Toothache

3. Nausea and vomiting/morning sickness - cloves mixed with sugar and water. You may add tamarind too.

4. Sinusitis, colds - use lukewarm water, drops of clove oil and honey.

5. Indigestion, loose stools, flatulence

6. Ringworm  or tinia -eugenol contained in cloves is a very effective anti-fungal.



Precautions:

Increased risk of bleeding, a burning sensation and lowered levels of blood sugar.

Bladderwrack

Scientific name:  Fucus vesiculosus

Common names: Bladder Fucus, Brown seaweed, Black-Tang, Cutweed, Sea-Wrack, Brown Algae, Kelp-Ware.

Description:

Brown seaweed or brown algae also known as bladderwrack got it's name because of the bladder-like feature or sac
on either side of the midrib that keeps them afloat. The frond is fan-shaped, narrow, wavy and divided into two with a broad midrib running to the apex. The color is brownish green to yellow.  It grows on the Atlantic coasts of Europe and North America and Baltic Sea. It is attached to the rocks found underneath the water. Its root-like
branch attaches itself to the rocks and it grows up to about 3 feet high.  The bladderwrack is used as a herbal medicine and the entire plant is harvested while still small.

Bladderwrack can be eaten raw or cooked, boiled or steamed.

Parts used: Whole plant, dried stem, leaves and root.

Medicinal properties and Health benefits of Bladderwack:

Bladderwrack contains 3 main components namely:

Iodine -The body needs iodine but cannot make it. The thyroid gland needs iodine to make hormones. Lack of iodine

can cause an enlarged thyroid gland (goiter)/hypothyroidism. It regulates thyroid function and metabolism.

Alginic acid - is a type of dietary fiber that helps alleviate constipation, diarrhea, GERD and heartburn.

Fucoidan - a type of dietary fiber that helps lower cholesterol(heart condition) and glucose level (diabetes). It also has anti-inflammatory effect, anti-coagulant (blood-thinning) properties and inhibit cancer growth.

Bladderwrack also contains mannitol, bromine, zeaxantin, algin, polyphenols, proteins, oleic acid, essential fatty acids and fiber.  It is also rich in vitamins like vitamin C, B-vitamins, beta-carotene and has many minerals like sodium, sulfur, magnesium, zinc, iron, and potassium.

Skin Care/Smoother Skin

Bladderwrack in powder form can be added in bath water or facial scrub to smoothen and nourish the skin. It also relieves the eczema and psoriasis.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Bladderwrack can also be brewed or steeped in a quart of hot water and taken internally or applied to the skin to help relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.


Precautions:

Bladderwrack is generally safe and considered a safe herb supplement to use. However, if supplements can interact with other drugs and it's still best to consult a doctor when taking this as a supplement.

Dragonfruit

Scientific names:
Red Dragonfruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
White Dragonfruit (Hylocereus undatus)
Yellow Dragonfruit (Selenicereus megalanthus)

Other scientific names:
Acanthocereus, Ceraus, Echinocereus, Escontria, Hylocereus, Myrthillocactus, Selenicereus, Stenocereus
 
Common names: Pitaya, Red Pitahaya, Night blooming Cereus, Strawberry Pear, Belle of the Night, conderella plant

Description of Red Dragonfruit or Red Pitaya:

The plant of the Dragon fruit is vine-like epiphytic cacti that is native to Central and Southern America but
eventually spread to Southeast Asian countries.  The Dragon plant has a fleshy stem about 20 feet long and
its edible flowers have fragrant scent and ornate that only blooms at night.

The skin of the Dragon fruit is dark red with soft spine and its flesh is also red with lots of black small
seed that is also edible. The flavor is likened to that of the kiwifruit.

The dragon plant can bear fruit 3 to 6 times in a year depending on growing conditions.

Dragon fruits are made into smoothie, juice, sherbet, jams, puree, sherbets, salads...

Health Benefits and Medicinal properties/uses:

Pitaya or Dragon fruit is rich in fiber, minerals (potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron), vitamins
A, C, B1, B2, B3 and naturally-occurring flavonoids which acts as antiatherosclerotic (also reduces
cardiovascular risk), antiinflammatory, antitumour, antiosteoporotic, and antiviral.

Another highly valued antioxidants found in Dragon fruit are lycopene and phytoalbumins which are known to
fight cancer cells and prevent formation of cancer causing free radicals.

Dragon fruit is known to reduce cholesterol levels and high blood pressure.

Asthma and cough - because of its high vitamin C content.

Dragon fruit boosts immune system and the fibers help in digestion.

Dragon fruit is also known in folk medicine for preventing memory loss, controling blood glucose level in
diabetes and aids in healing of wounds.

Flaxseed or Linseed

Scientific name: Linum usitatissimum

Description:

Flax is an annual fiber crop that grows to a height of more than 3 ft tall and thrives in moist soils rich in silt, clay and sand. It is cultivated in ancient Egypt, India and China. It has slender stems and slender lanceolate green leaves.Flax is an annual plant that thrives in deep moist soils rich in sand, silt, and clay.

The flower has five pale blue petals while in other varieties the petals can be bright red. The fruit is round with glossy brown seeds like that of an apple. These small, oval-shaped seeds contain oil called flaxseed oil or linseed oil.

There are two main types of flaxseed: golden flaxseed and brown flaxseed.


Health Benefits of Flaxseed:

In ancient times, flaxseeds also known as linseeds are both used as food and medicine.

Flaxseeds are an excellent source of omega-3 essential fatty acids (alpha-linolenic acid or ALA, docosahexaenoic acid or DHA, and eicosapentaenoic acid or EPA). These are "good" fats that have been shown to be beneficial to have a healthy hearts.

It is also a rich source of dietary fiber and the fiber-related polyphenols called lignans as well as a good source of mucilaginous gums like arabinoxylans and galactoxylans. Thus making flaxseed an effective laxative.

The lignans are estrogen-like chemical compounds with antioxidant qualities that fight free radicals.

Linseed or Flaxseed is a rich souce of vitamin B1 and other minerals like magnesium, copper, phosphorus, calcium, folate, selenium and other micronutrients.


Medicinal Properties:

To get the most benefits out of flaxseeds, it should be consumed in ground form(grounded) otherwise the seeds will just past through the digestive tract undigested. One can add grounded flaxseed or linseed in coffee, cooked cereal, homemade muffin, cookie, bread recipe. or grain dish. Or you may add a tablespoon of flaxseed oil to smoothies and fruit shakes.

Cancer 

The lignan contents are said to block enzymes that prevent tumor cells from growing. Flaxseed is said to prevent breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer. It also has antiangiogenic properties that stops tumor cells from forming new blood vessels.

Heart Disease

Linseed oil or flaxseed oil is rich in omega 3 fatty acids as well as some other antioxidants thus providing valuable cardiovascular benefits. It also lowers cholesterol levels and protects the blood vessels from inflammatory damage.

Digestive Health

The high fiber content helps delay gastric emptying and improve intestinal absorption of nutrients.

Post-Menopausal Symptoms

It is believed that taking flaxseed oil reduce the symptoms of menopause like hot flashes.

 
Side effects and Precautions:

Precautions:

Pregnant women should avoid taking flaxseed because of its estrogen-like properties.

Bowel obstruction - those people suffering from bowel obstruction should also avoid flaxseed/linseed because of its high fiber content.

Side effects include:
 Stomach pains
 Bloating
 Flatulence
 Constipation
 Diarrhea
 Nausea


Additional info:

Flaxseed should be used within 24 hours after grinding and the flaxseed oil should be refrigerated.

Do not eat unripe flaxseeds as they may be poisonous.

Lansones

Scientific name: Lansium domesticum

Common names: langsat, lansones, lanzones,langsak
langsad (thin-skinned variety); longkong (thick-skinned variety)


Description:

Lansones is native to Southeast Asia because of the tropical temperatures and the tree can grow to a height
of 15 meters. The bark is colored gray with light and dark spots. The compound leaves are alternate and
pointed at both ends while the flowers are small with short stems & spikes and is greenish-yellow.

The fruit is yellowish or beige and is borne in clusters on a single stem. It can be oval, round, ellipsoid
or globose and is 2 to 7 centimeters in size. When one opens it, it is divided in sections of succulent
sweet&sour flesh with seeds in it. The seeds are greenish and bitter.

This fruit is available all year round but it's the sweetest when it's in season which is between July and
September.


Parts used: fruit, bark, leaves, seeds and fruit rind

Health Benefits:

Lanzones is rich in riboflavin that promotes growth, helps the body to release energy converted from
carbohydrates and makes red blood cells healthy. It also provides a sufficient amount of thiamine that helps
treat nerve and heart conditions,  This delicious fruit also contains Vitamin A, C, E and antioxidants like
carotene, beta carotene, zea-xanthins which fight off many ailments.

It is has calcium, phosphorus, iron, alkaloids, sucrose, saccharose, fructose and glucose, carbohydrates,
fiber, phytin and niacin which helps reduce cholesterol.


Medical properties and uses:

Bark of the lanzones tree is considered astringent, antipyretic and anthelmintic. It is used to treat malaria
and the powder form is applied on scorpion stings.

The concoction of lansones leaves and bark is used to relieve symptoms of dysentery.

The seed has five tetranoterpenoids, domesticulide A-E (1-5) and limonoids.
Traditional medicine used the pounded seeds mixed with water for deworming, treating diarrhea and ulcer.

The lansones leaves or the the dried fruit skin are burned and used as natural mosquito repellant or as
incense.

The fruit has antipyretic properties that lowers the person's body temperature and the crushed seeds are also
used for fevers.

The dry extract of lansones fruit is also used for moisturizing, whitening/lightening effect and has
antibacterial properties.

Eating fresh lansones is also a great way to lose weight.


THOUGH THE CONTENT OF THIS BLOG HAD BEEN TRIED/TESTED AND HAD BEEN USED
AS FOLK/HERBAL MEDICINE IT IS STILL BEST TO CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR BEFORE
TRYING THIS AND AVOID SELF-DIAGNOSIS AND SELF-MEDICATION.

Black Cohosh

Scientific name: Actaea racemosa

Common Names: black snakeroot, bugbane, bugwort, macrotys, rattleroot, rattleweed

Description:

Black cohosh is a wild plant native to North America and is related to the buttercup family,
peony and larkspur.  

The fresh or dried roots and underground stems are commonly used to treat a wide range of
ailments like rheumatism, arthritis and muscle pain.  It is also a traditional remedy for
menstrual irregularities, premenstrual syndrome and gynecological conditions like menopausal
symptoms (hot flashes, palpitations, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and other symptoms that can
occur during menopause). The stems and roots of the black cohosh are made into strong infusions
(teas), capsules, solid extracts used in pills, or tinctures (liquid extracts).

Parts used: roots and underground stems

Medicinal properties:

Black cohosh contains aromatic acids, salicylic acid (anti-inflammatory), isoflavones,
formononetin, triterpene glycosides, acetin and 27 deox yactein, tannins, resins and fatty acids

Controls the symptoms of menopause:

    Headaches
    Hot flashes
    Mood changes
    Sleep problems
    Heart palpitations
    Night sweats
    Vaginal dryness

Ease PMS symptoms, menstrual cramps, uterine and ovarian pains

Induce labor

Relieve arthritis pain

Lowers blood pressure - components in black cohost can dilate peripheral blood vessels and lowers

blood pressure.

Antispasmodic to muscles, nerves, and blood vessels

Anti-inflammatory

Black cohosh is an emmenagogue which is an agent that promotes menstrual or uterine bleeding.


Counterindication and Side effects:

Side effects from black cohosh which occur in high doses include:
Upset stomach
Headaches
Prolonged use may cause liver disorder

Counterindicated in the ff:

Pregnant women unless used to induce labor
Women with Endometriosis
Women with Breast cancer
Women with Uterine cancer
Children under 18
People with liver disease
People with high risk of stroke or blood clots
People with seizure disorders
People allergic to aspirin
  
Black cohosh is different for blue cohost(Caulophyllum thalictroides) and the 2 should not be
confused.

Disclaimer:

THOUGH THE CONTENT OF THIS BLOG HAD BEEN TRIED/TESTED AND HAD BEEN USED
AS FOLK/HERBAL MEDICINE IT IS STILL BEST TO CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR BEFORE
TRYING THIS AND AVOID SELF-DIAGNOSIS AND SELF-MEDICATION.

Mangosteen

Scientific name: Garcinia mangostana

Description:

The plant of a mangosteen is a tropical, evergreen tree that reaches to 20-60 ft in height. It is native to
Southeast Asia and commonly found in tropical rainforests of Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and even in South America.

The fruit is deep purple and round shape with a light green calyx at the stem end. It has an outer tough rind
about 7-12 mm thick but inside the fruit has soft, white, juicy flesh that are sectioned like oranges. The rind is
inedible as well as the seeds. The fruit is deliciously tangy, sweet and juicy.


Health benefits of Mangosteen:

Mangosteen is rich in dietary fiber and very low in calories and has zero amount of saturated fats.

It is rich in vitamin C and minerals such copper, manganese and magnesium, potassium.   It also has some B-complex vitamins like thiamin, niacin and folates.

Medicinal properties:

This fruit has been use in traditional medicine to heal infection, treat inflammation, and improve one's stamina.

Today, scientists and doctors agree on the medicinal properties of Mangosteen.

Mangosteen contains alpha-mangostin (a very potent antioxidant), gamma-mangostin(powerful anti-inflammatory), garcinone E (strong anti-tumor agent).  It also has a powerful antioxidants and immune system boosters called Xanthones and other potent natural compounds like catechins (antioxidant that's five times more potent than Vitamin C), polysaccharides(anti-cancer), quinones(anti-bacterial), stilbenes(anti-fungal) and polyphenols (anti-oxidant).

Mangosteen is helpful in preventing a wide range of diseases such as diabetes, glaucoma, heart disease,
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's cancer and other chronic diseases.

*Anti-allergenic - helps prevent allergic reactions

*Anti-cancer - Mangosteen has powerful antioxidants to combat cancer cells.

*Anti-Inflammatory - Mangosteen fruit has strong anti-inflammatory properties and is used in treating
hyperkeratosis, psoriasis, eczema and other skin diseases.

*Anti-microbial
The extracts of mangosteen are use to treat tuberculosis, urinary tract infections, infected wounds, malaria,
gonorrhoea and syphilis.

 *Good for the Heart
Mangosteen is cardio-protective as well as anti-atherosclerotic that helps prevent the hardening of the arteries.

*Good for the Kidneys
This fruit is also anti-calculitic that helps prevent kidney stones.

*Helps in Weight loss due to rich fiber content

*Immunostimulant - Mangosteen helps the immune system fight infection.

                                             

Kava Kava

Scientific name: Piper methysticum

Other names: 'awa,'ava, kawa, kew, yagona, sakau, tonga

Description:

Kava is a tall evergreen shrub in the pepper family that grows in the South Pacific islands and some parts of Micronesia and Australia. It has stout rhizomes, fleshy stems and big leaves shaped like hearts. The roots of the plant has been used for thousands of years as a folk remedy and as a beverage. It has sedative properties and is drank to relax without disrupting mental clarity.

Parts used:

The root is the part of the plant used medicinally. Traditionally, it is prepared by either chewing, or made into a beverage by grinding or pounding the roots then combined with a small amount of  cold water and consumed as quickly as possible.


Medicinal Properties and Uses:

The main active components in kava root are called kavalactones. It has been found to affect the levels of specific neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). It is a bitter, pungent herb that has anesthetic properties, diuretic effect as well as herbal aphrodisiac properties.

Kava is an effective folk remedy for back pain, anxiety and insomnia as it relaxes the muscles and calms the nerves.

* It also enhances mental alertness and concentration

* It fights mouth ulcers

In folk medicine it also used for gout, rheumatism and arthritis.

Kava if effective for both acute and chronic gonorrhea, vaginitis, syphilis and other genito-urinary infections.

It is applied externally for ringworm and athlete’s foot.

Precautions and Side effects:

Consult your doctor before taking kava.  You should not take kava if you are pregnant or breastfeeding a baby. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking kava. The use of kava may cause Liver Toxicity. Do NOT start a new medication without telling your doctor.